Air yg ada di sekitar kita sangat bermanfaat utk
kehidupan. Di dunia industri pun sebagian besar bahan yg dibutuhkan adalah air.
Air sangat vital dibutuhkan karena sifat dan karakteristik dari air yg sangat
menunjang utk proses kimia.
Air industri terbagi menjadi beberapa dan ini urutan
menurut treatment khusus agar layak dipakai seperti
- Air Boiler
- Air Pendingin (Cooling Water)
- Air Proses
- Air Sanitasi
- Air Limbah
"Water in around us is very useful
for life. In industries, major necessity of substances is water. Air is very
vital requireddue for property and characteristic of water is very support for
chemical process.
Industrial water divided into several
and this is sort according to special treatment so feasible used likes :
- Boiler Water
- Cooling Water
- Process Water
- Sanitation Water
- Waste Water"
Air yang bagus untuk proses tidak hanya dilihat dari
penampakan fisik (tdk berwarna, tdk berbau dan tdk berasa) namun juga harus
dilihat dari kimianya seperti KESADAHAN, pH dan alkalinitas.
Air Sadah : air yg mengandung garam Kalsium
(Ca) dan Magnesium (Mg) dlm jumlah besar
Kesadahan terbagi menjadi 2 :
- Kesadahan Sementara, air yg mengandung garam2 berupa Ca, Mg, Bikarbonat dan bisa dihilangkan dengan pemanasan biasa
- Kesadahan Permanen, air yg mengandung garam2 berupa SO4, Cl, Ca, Mg dan tdk bisa dihilangkan namun bisa dilunakkan dengan penambahan kimia tertentu (soda atau zeolit)
"Water is good for process not only
known from physical properties (colorless, odorless and tasteless) however also
must be known from chemical properties likes hardness, pH and alkalinity.
Hardness Water : water contains salts
like Ca and Mg in large number
Hardness divided into 2 :
- Temporary Hardness, water contains salts like Ca, Mg, Bicarbonate and can be removed by heating
- Permanent Hardness, water contains salts like SO4, Cl, Ca, Mg and can't be removed but can be softened with adding special chemical (soda or zeolite)"
Air sadah bila dipakai utk mencuci maka tidak akan
berbusa, karena sifat dari Ca dan Mg yg cenderung mengendap dg menghancurkan
sifat dari surfactant.
Air yg belum di treatment bisa menyebabkan :
- Korosi pada perpipaan
- Kerak pada alat dan pipa
- Menganggu jalannya proses reaksi
Cara pengolahan air agar layak dipakai di dunia
industri ada 2 yaitu :
- Pengolahan Fisika, dengan cara filter biasa yg dapat digunakan utk memisahkan padatan kasar, padatan terapung, minyak + lemak
- Pengolahan Kimia, dengan cara flokulasi, koagulasi dan sedimentasi
Koagulasi : awal
pembentukan butiran2 endapan biasanya ditambahi koagulan dan disertai
pengadukan shg terjadi homogenitas
Flokulasi :
penggabungan butiran2 endapan shg menjadi lebih besar dan kompak
Sedimentasi : pengendapan
"Hard water if used for cleaning
will not foaming due to properties of Ca and Mg tend sedimentation with destroy
of surfactant working
Water which not treatment can be caused
:
- Corrosion on pipeline
- Crust on pipeline and instruments
- Disturb ways of reaction path
Methods of water processing so feasible
used in industries, there are 2 likes :
- Physical Treatment, with filter can be used to separation rude solid, floating solid and oil + fat
- Chemical Treatment, with flocculation, coagulation and sedimentation
Coagulation : initially forming of
sediment floc and adding coagulant and stirring so happen homogeneity
Flocculation : fusion of
sediment floc so be larger and compact
Sedimentation : deposition"
Referensi:
Referensi:
[1] Catatan kuliah di teknik kimia
ARTIKEL TERKAIT :
1. Koagulasi/Koagulan - Flokulasi/Flokulan - Sedimentasi/Clarifier
2. Feed Water System PLTU
3. Water Treatment Plant PLTU
ARTIKEL TERKAIT :
1. Koagulasi/Koagulan - Flokulasi/Flokulan - Sedimentasi/Clarifier
2. Feed Water System PLTU
3. Water Treatment Plant PLTU
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