S*dium M*tabisulphite (SMBS)
adalah suatu garam industri yang terbuat dari bahan baku belerang (S) dan soda
ash (Na2CO3). Kegunaan SMBS adalah untuk pemutih dan
pengawet makanan food grade, pengkrispi makanan, anti jamur dan anti fermentasi dan masih banyak lagi
kegunaan seperti industri kertas, penetral sianida (CN-) pada tambang emas,
penetral chrom (Cr) pada industri elektroplating dan kulit, penetral chlorin
(Cl) dan masih banyak lagi. Proses flow diagram s*dium m*tabisulphite adalah :
"Sodium metabisulphite
(SMBS is an industrial salt which made from raw material such as sulfur (S) and
soda ash (Na2CO3). Usefulness of SMBS is for
bleaching and food preservative (food grade), food crispy and still many uses
like paper industry, cyanide neutralization (CN-) in goid mining,
chrome neutralization (Cr) in electroplating industry and leather, chlorin
neutralization (Cl) and still many other. Process of flow diagram s*dium
m*tabisulphite are :
Penjelasannya sebagai berikut
:
Bahan baku ada 2 yaitu
belerang (S) dan soda ash (Na2CO3 ). Pre-treatment yaitu belerang
dikecilkan ukurannya kemudian ditampung di Hopper dan dengan Screw Conveyor dialirkan ke Burning Stove utk pembakaran. Burning stove
berisikan arang yang dibakar sebagai umpan awal kemudian udara dipenuhi dari Compressor, sesudah jalan
belerang turun ke burning stove perlahan - lahan dengan Hopper Feeder yang disesuaikan antara massa belerang
dengan udara pembakaran sehingga dihasilkan pembakaran sempurna menghasilkan gas SO2 dan minim SO3 sesuai reaksi dibawah ini :
"The explanation like
:
Raw material there are 2
such as sulfur (S) and soda ash (Na2CO3 ).
Pre-treatment like resize sulfur then accomadated in hopper with screw conveyor
supplied to burning stove for combustion. Burning stove filled charcoal that
burned as initial feed then air fulfilled from compressor, after running,
sulfur fall into burning stove slowly with hopper feeder that proportionalled
between sulfur mass with burning air so that produced complete combustion and
produce SO2 gas and get
minimal SO3 according
to the reaction like below :"
Kedua gas tersebut kemudian dipisahkan dengan Washing Tower yang berisi air sehingga SO3 kontak dengan air menghasilkan H2SO4 sesuai reaksi :
"Both gasses then separated with washing tower which filled water so that SO3 contact with water and produce H2SO4 according to the reaction :"
"Both gasses then separated with washing tower which filled water so that SO3 contact with water and produce H2SO4 according to the reaction :"
Sedangkan gas SO2 lanjut ke proses berikutnya. Untuk
memisahkan kemungkinan SO3 terikut maka terdapat Wet Cyclone yang memisahkan gas SO2 yang masih terkontaminasi SO3 kemudian gas SO3 + air terikut dikembalikan ke tempat penampungan H2SO4, gas SO2 masuk ke reaktor 1, reaktor 2 dan alkali tank. Bersamaan dengan itu, Na2CO3 dialirkan menuju Alkali Tank yang berisi Na2CO3(Aq) dan kemudian dipompakan ke Reaktor
2 berpengaduk. Liquid dari reaktor 2 berasal dari Alkali Tank dan Mother Liquor Tank. Reaksi yang terjadi adalah :
"SO2 gas
continue to the next process. To separate possibility SO3 constrained so there are wet cyclone that
separating SO2 gas which
still contaminated SO3 gas then SO3 gas +
water constrained returned to the H2SO4 tank, SO2 gas enter into reactor 1, reactor 2 and alkali tank.
Concurrently, Na2CO3 supplied to alkali tank that
filled Na2CO3(Aq) and then pumped into agitated
reactor 2. Liquid from reactor 2 comes alkaline tank andmother liquor tank. Reaction like below :"
Alkali Tank :
Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (l) ---> Na2CO3 (Aq)
Na2CO3 (Aq) + SO2 (g) --->
Reaktor :
Na2SO3 + H2O + SO2 --->
Dryer :
2 NaHSO3 --->
Untuk mengurangi pencemaran udara akibat gas SO2 dan liquid akibat sulfat maka
dilakukan unit pengolahan gas tersendiri yaitu gas SO2 sisa dilewatkan Scrubber yang diatasnya di spray kan larutan
kapur Ca(OH)2 atau soda
caustic (NaOH) sedangkan utk pengolahan sulfat yaitu menggunakan penambahan
kapur yang dipress dengan Filter
Press sehingga dihasilkan
padatan berupa gypsum (CaSO4) dan liquid diolah lagi utk
dikembalikan bersama larutan kapur. Reaksi pembentukan gypsum adalah :
"From reactor 2 then
product enters into a stirred reactor 1 and has cooling jacket. From reactor 1
then product enters into centrifuge to separate between solid and liquid, liquid residual separation recycled to the mother liquor tank that added water to
dilution so sulphate level not high then enter to the moisture tank and continue
to the alkali tank. Whereas solid product from centrifuge dried into flash
dryer that drier media take the heat produced by burning stove and blown by blower.
Flash dryer is equipped with cyclone to separate entrained solid and the result
of drying product enter to the sifter to screen according to expected mesh,
from here produced 2 products such as onspec and offspec.
To reduce air pollution
caused SO2 gas and liquid caused sulphate so gas treatment
unit such as residu SO2 gas
passed scrubber that the top lime sollution spray or soda caustic while
for sulphate treatment using added lime that pressed with filter press so that
produced solid like gypsum and liquid treated again for recycled with lime
sollution. Reaction of gypsum making are :"
INI DESAIN SAYA YANG SUDAH DISEMPURNAKAN
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1 comments:
saya ingin bertanya, kira-kira apa saja yang perlu dilakukan untuk mempercepat waktu reaksi pembentukan Sodium metabisulfit?